The opposite color bishop and pawn ending in chess refers to the endgame scenario where each player has only a bishop and a pawn on the board, and the bishops are of opposite colors. The color of the bishops can greatly affect the outcome of the game in this endgame scenario. A bishop on a light square can control all the dark squares, while a bishop on a dark square can control all the light squares. The player with the bishop of the right color must use their piece to restrict the pawn's movement and create a winning position. On the other hand, the player with the bishop of the wrong color must find a way to create threats and complicate the position in order to create chances for their opponent to make a mistake.